MUNICIPALITY OF LUCBAN, Quezon, Historical Data of Part 3
PART III
PART I | PART II | PART III | PART IV | PART V
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1898 - During the short-lived Philippine Republic, Mr. Anselmo Racelis became the president of Lucban; and Mr. Quirino Eleazar the provincial governor of Tayabas. Don Anselmo ordered the people to evacuate, so the people fled to the barrios. They made a "balong-balong" in the barrio of Kakawit. Rev. Father Moises Ella was the parish priest. A battlion of soldiers was organized called "Battalion Banahaw," with Colonel Eustacio Malolos of Batangas as the chief of staff.
1901-1904 - When the Americans had already established the military government in this municipality, Don Ariston Maderal was made the "alcalde." He took his oath of office in the presence of the townspeople and the American officers.
The municipal council was organized, composed of ten members. They were Don Balbino Tolentino as Teniente Alkalde; and his councilors were Messrs. Ambrosio Elises, Custodio Racelis, Esteban Devanadera, Isisdro Nantes, Leopoldo Gaela, Marcelo Rubio, Pantaleon Veluz, Ramon Tagle, Tomas D. Rañola, and Vedasto Cadeliña. They passed several good ordinances. An American-Philippine police force was organized. The Americans left Lucban on July 17, 1900 and left behind them the American teachers only. The Paseo Rizal was constructed. Personal and land taxes commenced. The Philippine Independent Church was established with Mr. Gil Rada as one of the founders. The Federal Party was organized with Don Quirino Eleazar as its president.
1905-1908 - The president was the industrious and honorable Don Vedasto N. Cadeliña. The municipal buildng was constructed during his administration, and the second floor of it was made the Intermediate School.
1908-1910 - Don Emilio Zurbano, a colonel during the revoluation, was the "Presidente Municipal" of this town. He was the father of Tagalog writers in this locality. During his incumbency, he caused the construction of the public market and the two bridges which spanned the streams on the road to Tayabas.
After Don Emilio Zurbano's death, Don Gregorio N. Cadeliña succeeded him. Gil Rada had to succeed the president for he was the incumbent vice-president, but he was out of this town at that time. He was at Casiguran.
1913-1916 - The municipal president was Don Balbino Tolentino. He caused the construction of the Intermediate School outside the town. The Intermediate School Building was inaugurated on August 19, 1915 by the town officials. It was during Don Tolentino's administration when all municipal presidents of the province of Tayabas came here to meet Governor General Burton Harrison. In 1915, the monument of Dr. Jose Rizal in front of the town hall was constructed through the efforts of the XYZ Club of this municipality. The sculptor of this beautiful monument was the late Ismael Villaseñor, a native of Lucban. Our public market was constructed during Mr. Tolentino's administration.
1917-1922 - Don Vedasto Cadeliña became the presidente municipal again of the town. The road from Lucban to Lucena became a first class highway. The water system was constructed in 1921. Since 1925, Mr. Jose M. Nañagas had been the supervisor of the water system in Lucban. It was also in 1921 that a singular Garden Day was held, with Miss Nena Eleazar as the queen.
1923-1931 - Mr. Gil Rada was the president. It was during his incumbency when the Marcos Tigla Elementary School was constructed. The public market was improved and the bridges to the Roman Catholic and Aglipayan cemeteries were constructed.
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June 15, 1924 - The Banahaw association, under the leadership of Mr. Eugenio D. Deveza, donated a fountain with a siren. This fountain stands in the Paseo Rizal.
June 6, 1924 - The Sakana Association, under the leadership of Mr. Salvador Deveza, donated the Balintawak Monument which stands in the Paseo Rizal.
July 30, 1924 - The Balangay Apolinario de la Cruz — Kapisanan ng mga Alagad ni Dimas-alang, through the leadership of Mr. Benito Palma, donated the Bonifacio Monument which stands in the Paseo Rizal.
April 10, 1924 - The High School Literary Society of the Lucban Institute donated the Fountain of Wisdom which stands in the Paseo Rizal.
December 15, 1930 - Purachatra, the Prince of Siam, visited the town of Lucban.
1931-1933 - Don Claro Cabungcal was the municipal president. He established an agricultural experimental station to help the farmers. From this time, a great many farmers began to raise two crops of rice.
November 17, 1931 - The Governor General, the Secretary of the Bureau of Education, Honorable George Butte and Director Luther Bawley of Education, visited Lucban.
1933-1936 - Mr. Estanislao Cadavez was the president of Lucban. In this period, the "Escuelahang Bato" was reconstructed.
December 9, 1933 - The Lucban Parents Teachers Association was organized through the initiative of Mr. Pedro Palomar, the district supervisor for the District of Tayabas. Mr. Pantaleon P. Nantes was the acting president.
1937-1940 - Dr. Ricardo Villaseñor was elected "alkalde" or municipal mayor. During his administration, the Paseo Rizal was remodeled. The big trees were cut down and supplanted with flowering plants. It was converted into a beautiful park.
c. During and after World War II:
December 8, 1941 - World War II began [This means in the Pacific.] The municipal mayor was Dr. Jose V. Eleazar. This town became the evacuation center.
December 24, 1941 - On Christmas Eve, the people evacuated to the barrios.
December 28, 1941 - The Japanese soldiers arrived in Lucban. The people were forced to bow to the Japanese soldiers. The Japanese occupied Lucban for three years.
The first alkalde during the occupation was Mr. Anacleto Calimutar, and after several months, he was changed. Mr. Sancho Salivia became the municipal mayor until the defeat of the Japanese in 1945.
January 28, 1945 - The Japanese armed forces burned a part of this town.
March 28, 1945, Holy Thursday - Because some of the Japanese from other places stayed in the remaining houses in this town, the American Air Force bombed and burned the remaining part of the town in order to drive [away] the Japanese. All the school buildings and churches were burned.
Mr. Roman Veluz, the vice-mayor during the administration of Dr. Jose V. Eleazar, was chosen by the guerrillas to act as mayor fo the town's government in exile in the barrios. The poblacion was occupied by the Japanese soldiers. Nearly all parts of the archipelago were liberated by the Americans.
April 1, 1945, Easter Sunday - The American army of liberation arrived in Lucban.
Dr. Jose V. Eleazar assumed his mayorship of this municipality, but his illness prevented him from continuing his service as such and resigned. Mr. Filemon Villaseñor was appointed by the governor of the province to succeed Dr. Eleazar.
December 10, 1948 - The churches were partly repaired.
May 14, 1950 - Through the management of the Lucban Ilaya Athletic Club, the Lucban Swimming Pool was formally inaugurated. The pool is unfinished, nevertheless.
November 13, 1951 - Mr. Filemon Villaseñor was re-elected municipal mayor.
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The three public school buildings in the town of Lucban were rehabilitated partly with the aid of funds provided by the people of the United States through an appropriation by their Congress under the Philippine Rehabilitation Act of 1946. The certification commemorating the rehabilitation of the buildings was done on September 11, 1950, in Manila.
(Note: For other facts, incidents, or events that took place during the American occupation and during and after World War II, the data included in No. 23, Partc C and D may be referred to.)
26. A. Destruction of lives, properties and institutions during wars, especially in 1896-1900 and 1941-1945:
The ravages of war were altogether destructives to lives and properties. During the Spanish-American War, the wholesale massacre of innocents and suspected people by the "cazadores" occurred. Those groups of people or associations whose activities were to overthrow the government became the victims of fowl play.
(1) In February 1896, many male citizens left Lucban. They fled to Pagsanjan for fear of being arrested by the Spaniards as insurgents. This was due to Don Silverio Eleazar, who revealed Filipino secrets to the Spanish authorities. The following month, they returned with Sr. Alonso, a lieutenant, and six civil guards. Ambushed by the insurgents at the Napo Bridge, Lt. Federico Martinez and a civil guard were killed. The said lieutenant (Sr. Alonso) was badly injured.
(2) After the surrender of Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo on Dec. 28, 1897, Ireneo Baragula, Luis Emata, Quirico Maderal, and Anastacio Jardin were brought to Manila because they were accused of grave and heavy offenses.
(3) On February 4, 1898, Cabezans Martin Abuel, a man of the "Tribunal," was stabbed in the back by one Miguel Bautista, who escaped instantly and was not caught.
(4) On Feb. 21, 1898 was imprisoned the head of the insurgents, Cabantogan, and at midnight was taken to Tayabas with Blas Placino.
(5) In Feb. 1898 were kidnapped Manuel Villa, Numeriano Palacio, Antonio Palmeda, Basilio Empremiado, and the "cabeza" of Kalayaat; and were ambushed and killed at Majayjay Road at Palian a latter carrier, together with a bodyguard.
(6) During this time (1898), the town was in a dismal and sad situation. People preferred to be arrested by the Spaniards rather than be caught by the insurgents as they might have a chance to be set free, like Ireneo Baragula, Quirico Maderal, Lucio and Anastacio Jardin, Marceino Valeña, and Pedro Saludes, who were taken to Manila but were also able to return. Ananias Obleada and Saturnino Villaverde were tried at the Justice of the Peace Court, but only the former was taken to Tayabas because the latter was able to escape.
(7) On June 4, 1898, in compliance with an order received, the Spaniards left Lucban and went to Tayabas, carrying with them all arms and other properties of the "Tribunal." The night after the "Guias Rurales" had left were kidnapped by the insurgents the Justice of the Peace, Severino Diwa y Jose, a pharmacist and husband of Pelagia [unsure, blurred] Palacio. He was mercilessly dragged barefooted to the barrio. To Macario Villamater (Balatan) and Silverio Herrera, the same was done. Shortly after, the three were killed.
(8) On Sunday, June 5, 1898, the insurgents entered the town. A cannon guard was placed at each of the four open parts of the town and were arrested Juan Maderal, Silverio Eleazar, Jose Eleazar, and Santiago Enrique.
(9) The house of Faustino Empremiado was confiscated by the government in the belief that the owner was a spy.[p. 23]
(10) In 1899, Capitan Villarosa of Pitogo arrived to be [unreadable] by order of the Military Chief (Jefe Militar), Emilio Zurbano.
(11) In 1900, people were caught by the Americans were only confined or imprisoned, but those caught by the Katipuneros were tortured mercilessly before being killed. Then, the bodies were left without being buried.
(12) On Aug. 27, 1900, Don Pablo Nepomuceno was kidnapped by the Katipuneros on the suspicion that he was pro-American. He was tortured and killed at the camp of "Batalyon Banahaw" at Maapon [unsure, blurred].
(13) On Aug. 29, 1900, Municipal President Anselmo Racelis, while going to Manila, was kidnapped by the Katipuneros on the accusation as being pro-American. His brother-in-law, Jose Nepomuceno, was also kidnapped. They were both taken to the forest were Colonel Emilio Zurbano was. Jesus was killed while Don Anselmo was set free.
b. 1941-1945 - World War II (U.S.-Japan War):
In the latter part of December 1941, the Japanese soldiers occupied the town. They made the municipal building as their stronghold. No untoward incidents were ever witnessed during the first year of their stay. In 1943, the so-called Bamboo Army was organized in the neighborhood. All persons, young and old, were required to carry a bamboo spear amidst inconveniences and seemingly reminiscent of prehistoric people. During this period, vandalism, vagrancy, and discontent among the people were felt. Some persons turned into robbers and, once apprehended, were put to death. That was the beginning of the dark days and grim incidents of the Japanese invasion. Since then, guerrilla warfare was resolved by the people of the town. From this time on, some big buildings in the locality were made into prison camps. Persons who were suspected of being guerrillas were killed en masse and buried in one big hole [in the ground]. "Badajes" were hired by the Japanese to carry their comboy [convoy?] somewhere, but most of them never returned again.
In 1945, before the Japanese Army retreated, the set the whole town into conflagration, thus making all the houses into ashes. Lives and the valuables of the people were also affected. The public buildings, such as schools and other beautiful edifices, were completely ruined. Except the municipal building and a few other private residences in the poblacion, all the entire area was devastated, rendering 16,000 people homeless. All the belongings of the inhabitants were eaten by fire. The Roman Catholic church was bombed by an army reconnaissance plane which was reportedly converted into an armory and concentration camp of the Japanese Army. Looting was rampant everywhere; however, these looters suffered extreme penalties.
(1) Early in the morning of Wednesday, Dec. 24, 1941, Christmas Eve, learning that some eighty (80) Japanese warships had anchored at Mauban, the people evacuated to the barrios. At 6 o'clock P.M., very few people were left in the town; and the next day, Christmas, almost all people had evacuated. At 5 o'clock P.M., the Japanese started the firing, which was heard by the evacuees in the outlying barrios. On the following day, Friday, it was known that the policeman Benjamin Diaz and the driver, Geronimo Silva, were killed. At the same time, Pablo Nañe [unsure, blurred] and Laureano Villenus [unsure, blurred] were hit by stray bullets at "Daang Balugindan" near the Lucban-Tayabas highway. There were also some who were killed by stray bullets at the "Daang Mauban." On the same day, Dec. 26, the Japanese soldiers entered the town and looted and plundered numerous treasures.
(2) Before the Japanese soldiers entered the town, they did continuous and fatal firing in order to assure if there were no more enemies (Americans or Filipinos or both) in the town. The bullets that came from both "Daang Mauban" and "Daang Tayabas" caused the destruction of many buildings, notable of which were the houses of Mayor Jose V. Eleazar, Nicolas Villamena, and Pedro Abacan. The tower of the Roman Catholic church and the
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big cross on the roof of the said church were badly hit.
Another sad and pitiful incident was when Rev. Fr. Jose Baes of Ibaan, Batangas, who was the parish priest of Lucban at that time, was killed by a stray bullet while he was at his evacuation place at the barrio of Palola, where he went with Rev. Fr. Luis Saragoza and Amado Casañada.
(3) When Sancho Salivia resumed his mayorship after Dr. Jose V. Eleazar had resigned in 1943 due to illness, the number of people arrested, tortured, and killed by the Japanese military forces increased day by day.
(4) In October 1943 began the darkest time of the Japanese period. Almost every prominent citizen of Lucban was arrested, tortured, and made to suffer the bitterest punishment deserved only by the wildest beast of the forest. What was saddest about this was the fact that it was also a Filipino who guided the Japanese soldiers in arresting their countrymen. Foremost of these citizens arrested were Dr. Jose V. Eleazar, Dr. Ricardo P. Villaseñor, Filemon Villaseñor (present mayor), Gabriel N. Trinidad, Juan Mancenido, Florentino R. Natividad, Sixto Gaytano, Domingo Casiño, Gregorio Isana (present municipal treasurer), Ramon Salvatus, Cayetano Abuel, Flaviano O. Abracia, and many others. Those who were killed after being tortured were Juan B. Rañola, the brothers Marcelino and Dioscorro Deveza (the former school a principal and the latter a school district supervisor), David Nañez, and many, many others whose names cannot be recalled anymore.
(5) On October 20, 1944 landed at Leyte the American forces under General Douglas MacArthur. On Dec. 20, the American Air Force made its first raid on Lucban, which accidentally killed a man by the name of Carlos Apolo.
(6) On January 31, 1945, the Japanese soldiers started the burning of Lucban, with the houses of the following within the district of San Antonio as first victims: Dr. Ricardo P. Villaseñor, Kapitan Francisco Eleazar, Rev. Fr. Brigido D. Nantes, Gregorio Abuel, P. Imperial, and others.
On February 3, the same was done with the districts of San Jose, San Luis, and a part of San Isidro. Among the houses that were burned were those of Nañagas, Eleazar, Nantes, Devanadera, Racelis, Jarasa, Miss Sario (school principal), Andres Cuvin, Juan Mancenido, Maria Zeta, Balais, and Ramon Tolentino. The Aglipay church, the Escolapia, and all other houses of San Jose were included in the destruction.
(7) On February 27, the districts of San Isidro and all the rest of the houses of San Antonio, including the palatial one of Father Vicente Ella, were burned.
(8) On March 29, believing that Japanese soldiers were still in Lucban, the American planes dropped incendiary bombs, destroying completely the Roman Catholic church, the house of Capitan Feliciano (the only one of San Antonio saved in the previous burning), and many other houses left in San Luis.
(9) On March 30, the Japanese bade farewell to Lucban when they set fire to the already few houses left in the town. It was a mystery to know that the following thirteen (13) houses centrally located in the town were saved in spite of the four times of burning by the Japanese and the dropping of incendiary bombs by the American Air Force: Municipal Building; houses of Atanacio Morales, Francisco Villaseñor (Capitan Tako), Filomeno Esquieres; those of ex-presidents Vedasto N. Cadeliña, Ariston Maderal, and Gregorio Cadeliña; and those of Dr. Quirino Eleazar, Silverio Eleazar, Atanacio Sanchez, Socorro Ella (widow of Abuel); and Dionisia Racelis (widow of Eleazar).
(10) The U.S.-Japan War (World War II) ended on August 10, 1945 when Japan surrendered to the Americans, although the terms of surrender were formally signed on September 2. In spite
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of this, there were still many Japanese soldiers who refused to surrender. They went to the barrios and became real snipers who continued brutally killing people whom they chanced to meet duringduring their undirected wandering. Among the victims of such killings were Mateo Mañala and his son, while walking somewhere in Atulinao; Isabelo Chavez of Tinamnan; and an old man at Palola, near the municipal government cemetery. Such fearful conditions had forced the people to build huts in town (dapog) in spite of the high costs of materials (three loads of bamboos cost ₱100).
(11) a - Many pro-Japanese natives of Lucban were killed by the guerrilleros. Foremost among them were: Anacleto Calimutan, Zosimo O. Maderal, (Mrs.) Jacoba Obmasca, Isidro Inal, Mamerto Baldovino, Wenceslao Abad, Panfilo Obmasca, Jose O. Maderal, Remigio Dalangin, Caledonio Baldovino, Vitaliano Dejelo, Silverio Esguerra, Perpetuo Iglesia, Marcelo Igloria, Raymundo Lagarito, Mateo Mancenido, Gregorio Deveza, Sancho Salivia, Cenon Casiño, Tagumpay Maderal, Anatolia Maderal, Luis Iglesia, Anatolia Sales, Alejo Engracia, including his wife and son; Bandina Engracia, Vicente Beltran, Charo Sales, Juan Acleta, Primitivo Acleta, Juan Zurbano, Silverio Gaelon, Felipe Zaide, Lope Zaide, and Jose Villaverde.
(11) b - The following were among the Lucban USAFFE soldiers (trainees) who were killed during the war: Leopoldo Gaela, Jr., Angel Abuy, Agapito Daya, Arsenio Racelis, Arsenio Nantes, Arsenio Oracion, Arsenio Velasco, Eliseo Nantes, Marciano Ella, Maximino Cavida, Alfredo Oblea, Victorino Ibarrola, Generoso Racelis, Ito Oracion, Pio Oblefias, Alfredo Oblea, Florentino Villaverde, Eliseo Ella, Arsenio Tagulinao, Benecio Ofreneo, Candido Balquiedra, Faustino Abustan, Jose Villamater, Nestorio Ibarrela, Albino Salvatus, Pascual Dayapan, Bayan Babista, Arsenio Veloso, Constancio Maderal, Onofre Abuyan, Ernesto Abuan, Josue Cocadiz, Meanong Cavida, and Espiridion Placino. (Many others whose names could not be recalled are not included in this list.)
(11) c - The following is a list of some "guerrilleros" who were killed by the Japanese: Marceino Deveza, [unreadable] Lagaya, Julian Dator, Miguel Abulad, Reynaldo Alivio, Gregorio Orsana, Alejandro Racelis, Zosimo Saliendra, Raymundo Cada, Carlito Racelis, Jose Cada, Nestorio Elpa, Hilarion Terciano, Juan Rañola, Marcelo Jaluague, Federico Nañagas, Pedro Racelis, Cristituto Abuel, Jose Faller, Rufino Dator, Mamerto Cocadiz, Simeon Quevada, Adelardo Pineda, Buenaventura Ladines, Mamerto Faller, Filomeno Salvatus, Dr. Alfonso Balais, Sancho Dean, Armanto Tolentino, Miguelito Dealino, Ramon Esquieres, Jr., and Mamerto Cocadiz. (Please note that these are only a few of the many who were killed by the Japanese.)
(11) d - Measures and accomplishments toward rehabilitation and recommendations following World War II:
The signing of the "Japanese Surrender Terms" at the S.S. Missouri by the Japanese Surrender Delegation earmarked the beginning of Filipino prospering. The Rehabiliation Act was passed by the United States Congress creating the American-Philippine War Damage Commission. The Philippine Veterans Board for war widows and soldiers killed in action was also a measure to guarantee the lives of our dear ones in life.
The three public school buildings (Escolapia, Marcos Tigla, and Intermediate) and charity centers were reconstructed by America through the aid of the United States. The semi-concrete bridges before the war now stand as modern structures of fine materials spanning the rivers and big canals of our town.
Thanks to the "war damage" money that the people of Lucban, in spite of the economic difficulties they encounter, are able to build houses which are more livable and comfortable.
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Some recommendations for further improvement of community conditions:
1. Encouragement of the employment of better methods of farming (to include the correct application of fertilizers) in order to stimulate agricultural improvement.
2. Development of local household industries like buntal hat weaving, bag making, etc. to promote the economic well-being of the community.
3. Providing street corners with waste containers to insure the proper disposal of community waste.
4. Encouraging the people's interest in resorting to useful and profitable ways of spending leisure hours through the establishment of recreation centers by the "purok" organization or by the government.
5. Widening the streets, especially the main ones, by redirecting canals to follow other routes to insure health and safety, especially those of the children.
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PART II - FOLKWAYS
TRADITIONS, CUSTOMS, AND PRACTICES
Marriage
| 1. After the wedding, the first to clasp hands with his or her beloved is dominant. | 1. Pagkatapos ng kasal, alin man sa dalawang unang pumisil ng kamay ay siyang makapangyarihan. |
| 2. When a veil falls during the wedding ceremony, it shows that the woman will die first. | 2. Kapag ang belo ay nahulog noong kasalukuyang ikinakasal ay ang babae ang unang mamamatay. |
| 3. During the marriage ceremony, any candle that gets extinguished first, the owner will die first. | 3. Kapag kinakasalan at alin man sa kinakasal na kandila'y mamatay ay siyang mauunang mamatay. |
| 4. After the wedding, as soon as the couple is leaving the church, a shower of rice is thrown above them showing a sign of wealth ahead. | 4. Pag labas ng kinakasalan sa simbahan ay hinahagisan ng bigas, tanda ng mabuting pamumuhay sa hinaharap na panahon. |
| 5. Never travel before marriage or else an accident befalls him or her. | 5. Huwag aalis pag kakasalin sapagka't maaaring siya ay mapahamak. |
| 6. Never try on your wedding attire or else the wedding will not be continued. | 6. Huwag iaato ang damit pangkasal sapagka't hindi matutuloy ang kasal. |
Baptismal
| 1. When the baby's cap falls down, it is a sign of an accident. | 1. Kapag ang gora ng bata ay nahulog, yaon ay tanda ng isang kapahamakan. |
| 2. After the baby has reached home from church, she or he is transferred from one person to another so that the baby will not be "mangingilala." | 2. Kapag ang batang bininyagan ay nakarating ng bahay ay kailangang iabot sa iba't-ibang tao sa bahay para huwag "mangingilala." |
| 3. When the child's candle gets extinguished first, this shows that the child will soon die. | 3. Kapag namatay ang kandila ng binibinyagan, iyon ay tanda ng maagang pagkamatay ng bata. |
Birth
| 1. Never handle the baby's placenta with the left hand because the baby will be left-handed. | 1. Huwag tatanganan ng kaliwang kamay ang inunan ng huwag maging "kaliweti." |
| 2. Do not bury the placenta in a stony place because the child will be hard-headed. | 2. Huwag ibabaon ang inunan sa batuhan at ang bata ay magiging matigas ang ulo. |
| 3. When a mother takes much pain in giving birth, take off one rooftop to make the delivery easier. | 3. Pag naghihirap ang isang ina sa pag-anak, tuklapin ang isang paluko ng madali ang pag-anak. |
Death
| 1. Never drop tears on the deceased because some mysteries will exist. | 1. Huwag babayaan patakan ng luha ang patay at maghihimala. |
| 2. Do not eat gabi leaves when someone dies in the house until several months because your throat will be itchy. | 2. Huwag kakainin ang laing pag may namatay sa kamag-anak at kakati ang lalamunan. |
| 3. Do not take a bath until the fourth day of the deceased or else you will become sick. | 3. Huwag maliligo hanggang hindi nalipas ang apat na araw at baka magkasakit. |
| 4. A pregnant woman must not sleep on the place or bed where the deceased had lain because the coming child will die. | 4. Huwag tutuloy sa pinagburulan ang buntis sapagka't ang inaanak ay mamamatay. |
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| 5. Do not peep out of the window when the deceased is taken down because any member of the house will die, too. | 5. Huwag dudungaw pag nananaog ang patay ay mayroon ding mamamatay sa sangbahayan. |
| 6. Do not take a bath when someone is dead at home because you will become sick and in latter years, you will die. | 6. Huwag maliligo pag may patay at ikaw ay magkakasakit at pagkalipas ng ilang taon ay mamamatay din. |
| 7. Never sweep the floor when somebody is dead because any member of the house will become ill. | 7. Huwag magwawalis pag may patay at maglulubha ang isa sa mga kasambahay. |
| 8. Do not comb your hair at night because your mother or father will die. | 8. Huwag magsusuklay kung gabi at mamamatay ang nanay o tatay. |
Practices
1. Birth When a baby is born, the infant is fed for 1 day with Tagalog onion soaked in oil which is wrapped in a piece of cloth. Then, tucked in a basket called "sukluban" for 3 days.
Pagka-anak sa bata, ang ipinakakain buong isang araw ay sibuyas Tagalog na babad sa langis na nababalot sa kapirasong damit. Ang bata, pagka-anak, ay inilalagay sa sukloban sa loob ng 3 araw.
2. Baptism During the early days, a child to be baptized was carried by the sponsors with a colored parasol to the church, followed by a band of music. Then, dancing and drinking wine went on in the house.
Noong unang panahon, pagka ang bata ay bibinyagan ay dala ng mga mag-aanaksa binyag pasa-simbahan. Sila ay hatid ng banda ng musika at naka-payong ng may iba't ibang kulay ang dala.
3. Courtship The parents of both parties are the ones making the arrangements for their son and daughter. When approved by both sides, the suitor helps in his sweetheart's house doing some household works until their marriage.
Sa pangingibig, ang mga magulang ang nag-uusap at nagtatakda ng araw ng kasal. Pagka tinanggapan na ang lalaki ay tumutulong sa lahat ng gawain sa bahay ng babae.
4. Marriage On vesper night of the wedding day, a dance is held in the bride's home. The man's parents shoulder the expenses. After breakfast on the marriage day, the bride changes her bridal costume with the closest relative of the groom assisting her. Then follows the "galahan." The bride is assisted by the groom's parents or nearest relatives in collecting bridal presents called "gala," while the groom does the same as the bride's way. The new couple does not go down the house as far as 1 day after the marriage. The bride does not go to the groom's house until after 9 days.
Sa kasalan ay nagkakaroon ng sayawan sa bahay ng dalaga. Ang handa ay gastos lahat ng lalaki. Kinabukasan, pagka-almusal ay pinapalitan ang damit pangkasal ng ibang damit na ang katulong ay ang kapatid or kamag-anak ng lalaki sa pagbibihis. Ang bagong kasal ay manghihingi ng gala sa lahat ng nagkangay. Ang babae ay sinasamahan ng malapit na kamag-anak ng lalaki at ang lalaki ay sinasamahan naman ng malapit na kamag-anak ng babae. Ang kinasal ay hindi mananaog ng isang araw at ang babae naman ay hindi pupunta sa bahay ng lalaki hanggang hindi nakalilipas ang siyam na araw.
5. Death When a person dies, all the closest relatives stay in the deceased's house until 9 days. On the eve of the death, there is a vigil wherein relatives and friends attend. Light lunch is given such as suman, coffee, and bread. Ladies and gentlemen play "Juego de Prenda." The vigil goes on until the 24th
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hour. Parents and relatives mourn with black dresses and [unreadable] for 1 year. After burial, for 9 nights, prayers are said in the deceased's house by relatives and friends, and on the 4th and 9th days, lunch is served to the people. For those who prayed, money is given to children and cigarettes to the elders.
Pagka may namatay, lahat ng malapit na kamag-anak ay pumupunta sa bahay ng namatay hanggang sa ika-siyam na araw. Sa gabi ay may lamayan. Ang mga dalaga ay naglalaro ng "Juego de Prenda." May merienda gaya ng suman, tinapay, at kape. Lahat ng mga kamag-anak ay naka-itim na damit sa buong isang taon. May dasalan sa buong ika-siyam na araw. Pagdating ng ika-4 at 9 na araw ay may handaan para sa mga taong nagdadasal.
6. Burial The deceased is buried in a pit covered with soil. To a well-to-do person, the deceased is buried in a concrete grave or tomb. The funeral is followed by a band of musicians. When the coffin is brought down, all the windows are closed.
Ang patay na inililibing ay idinadaan muna sa simbahan kasama ang mga tao, saka itutuloy sa libingan. Ibinabaon sa lupa ang patay. Kapag makakasunod o may kaya ang inililibing sa pantyon na yari sa semento. Ang libing ay hatid din ng musiko. Pag ipinapanaog ang patay mula sa bahay ay lahat ng mga bintana ay sinasarhan.
7. Punishments
1. A person being punished kneels on rice for the whole day.
Pinaluluhod sa bigas sa loob ng isang araw.
2. A child faces and kneels before an altar with stretched hands.
Pinahaharap ng nakaluhod at nakadipa sa altar.
3. A child lies flat facing down on the floor and the buttocks are whipped with rattan or tail of a "pagui."
Naka-dapang pinapalo sa bigi ng buntot ng pagi o uway.
4. Sitting on the air with both hands holding the ears.
Naka-upo sa hangin pigil ang dalawang tainga.
5. Hang upside down, tied in both feet.
Nakabiting patiwarik na may tali ang dalawang paa.
Myths, Legends, Beliefs, Superstitions, Etc.
SUPERSTITIONS
1. Pag nagwawalis kung gabi, walang maiipong pinaghanapan.
2. Huwag dumungaw kung dinadapit ang patay sa bahay at baka mayroong sumunod.
3. Huwag tumahan sa may pinto pag mayroong nagdadalang-tao sa bahay at matatagalan ang pag-anak.
4. Kung kabilugan ng buwan ay huwag maligo at kung tamaan ng sakit ay mabigat agad.
5. Pag ang pusa ay naghihilamos sa may pinto ay may dadating na tao.
7. Pag nakarinig ng huni o tahol ng aso sa may kalapit ng bahay ay mayroong namatay na kamag-anak.
1. If you sweep the floor at night, you'll have no savings.
2. Don't look out of the window if the dead person in your house is being carried.
3. Don't stay at the door if somebody in the house is on the family way.
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4. Don't take a bath if it is a full moon because if you are attacked by a certain disease, it will be very severe.
5. If the cat is washing his face at the door, there will be visitors coming.
6. While eating, if a fork drops, a male person is coming; if a spoon, a woman is coming.
7. If you hear the sound of a cricket and the howling of dogs near your house at any time, somebody among your relatives died.
1. If you cut your fingernails at night, either father or mother will die.
2. If you go out when somebody is still eating, an accident may happen to you.
3. When a fork or spoon falls down when eating, a visitor will come.
4. When you see a pin, pick it up; it is a sign of good luck.
5. When someone dies at home and you sweep the floor, any member of the family will follow.
6. Do not repair your house when there is somebody who is on the family way, or else she will have a hard time before she can deliver.
7. Do not sing when at the toilet or while cooking, or else you will marry a widow.
1. Pag mayroong sinuksok, may madudukot.
2. Ang tubig na matining, asokin mo't malalim.
3. Pag ang bilin ay salita, dadating ay balita.
4. Pag ang itinanim ay hangin, bagyo ang aanihin.
Myths, Legeds, Etc.
Ang Banal na Lupa sa Bundok – Banahaw
Maraming-maraming taon na ang nakaraan nang paghugasan ng libu-libong tao ang taluktok ng Bundok Banahaw, sapagka't umano ay nakaukit doon ang larawan ng ating Panginoon sa isang batumbuhay na yaon ay tinatamaan pa ng sinag.
Sinasabing sa taas ng nasabing Bundok Banahaw ay naroroon ang Lupang Banal.
Sinasabi na ang lupang banal sa itaas ng bundok ay matatalunton ang mga bakas ng paa ng ating Dakilang Mananakop, pati ang pagkakaluhod at pati ang pagkakaladlad ng mahaba at mabigat na kurus na sinalunga sa taluktok ng Kalbaryo.
Ang Kalbaryo raw sa Hudea ay inilipat na sa Bundok Banahaw, at doon dinanas ng Panginoon ang mga pahirap, ang mga pagpalo, ang pagkakagapos sa haliging bato, ang pagkakabayubay sa kurus at pati na ang koronang tinik at tunika na naroroon din at iniingatan ng panahon sa taluktok ng Bundok Banahaw.
Ibinabalita pa rin ng mga nakarating doon, dahil sa kanilang maalab na pananampalataya, ay naroroon din ang mahiwagang libingan, ang batong idinagan sa ibabaw ng libingan na natuklap dahil sa pagbangon at pagkabuhay ng Anak ng Diyos. Pati raw ang masarap na pabango na inihugas ni Maria Magdalena sa mga paa ng ating Panginoon ay humahalimuyak na katulad ng balsamo o ng kamanyang na maliwanag daw na nagpapatunay na talagang ang Lupang Banal ay inilipat na roon ng ating Mananakop.
Mapalad daw ang Bundok Banahaw sapagka't ang kagalang-galang na lupa ay doon na aabutan ng paghuhukom, na ayon daw sa Banal na Kasulatan ay isang araw ng pagbabalita [pagbabalik?] ng Diyos sa lupa upang hatulan ang bawa't isa ayon sa kani-kaniyang ginawa.
Kung hindi raw totoo ang mga balitang yaon ay bakit umanong makikitang lahat doon ang kababalaghang yaon? Ang kurus daw ay makikita ring nakaukit sa isang malapat at makinis na bato; ang mukha ng Mananakop na may koronang tinik; ang mga pako sa dalawang kamay at sa paa; ang sugat sa dalawang tuhod dahil sa pagkakasubasob; ang pagkakaulos
PART I | PART II | PART III | PART IV | PART V
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